Dartmouth Workshop — Wikipedia

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 This article is about conferences related to artificial intelligence. For the peace process conferences, see Dartmouth Conference . 
 1956 scientific conference on artificial intelligence 
 Dartmouth Summer Research Project on Artificial Intelligence Date 1956  ( 1956 ) Duration Eight weeks Venue Dartmouth College , Hanover , New Hampshire Organised by John McCarthy , Marvin Minsky , Nathaniel Rochester , and Claude Shannon Participants John McCarthy, Marvin Minsky, Nathaniel Rochester, Claude Shannon, and others 
 The Dartmouth Summer Research Project on Artificial Intelligence was a 1956 summer workshop widely considered [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] to be the founding event of artificial intelligence as a field. [ 4 ] The workshop has been referred to as "the Constitutional Convention of AI". [ 5 ] The project's four organizers, those being Claude Shannon , John McCarthy , Nathaniel Rochester and Marvin Minsky , are considered some of the founding fathers of AI. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] 

 The project lasted approximately six to eight weeks and was essentially an extended brainstorming session. Eleven mathematicians and scientists originally planned to attend; not all of them attended, but more than ten others came for short times.

 
 Background

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 In the early 1950s, there were various names for the field of "thinking machines": cybernetics , automata theory , and complex information processing . [ 8 ] The variety of names suggests the variety of conceptual orientations.

 In 1955, John McCarthy , then a young Assistant Professor of Mathematics at Dartmouth College , decided to organize a group to clarify and develop ideas about thinking machines. He picked the name 'Artificial Intelligence' for the new field. He chose the name partly for its neutrality; avoiding a focus on narrow automata theory, and avoiding cybernetics which was heavily focused on analog feedback, as well as him potentially having to accept the assertive Norbert Wiener as guru or having to argue with him. [ 9 ] 

 In early 1955, McCarthy approached the Rockefeller Foundation to request funding for a summer seminar at Dartmouth for about 10 participants. In June, he and Claude Shannon , a founder of information theory then at Bell Labs , met with Robert Morison, Director of Biological and Medical Research to discuss the idea and possible funding, though Morison was unsure whether money would be made available for such a visionary project. [ 10 ] 

 On September 2, 1955, the project was formally proposed by McCarthy , Marvin Minsky , Nathaniel Rochester and Claude Shannon . The proposal is credited with introducing the term 'artificial intelligence'.

 The Proposal stat

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