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 Mental Arithmetic

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 Autonomic Nervous System 

 2013 , Handbook of Clinical Neurology Aaron I. Vinik , Tomris Erbas Mental arithmetic

 Mental arithmetic as a serial subtraction task typically results in a 30% reduction in peripheral (index finger, pulp surface) skin blood flow. There is no response in the presence of either a proximal or distal ANS lesion.

 Show more View chapter Explore book Read full chapter URL:  https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780444534910000225 Handbook 2013 , Handbook of Clinical Neurology Aaron I. Vinik , Tomris Erbas Chapter

 Autonomic Nervous System: Clinical Testing 

 2017 , Reference Module in Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Psychology C.J. Mathias , ... P. Cortelli Mental Arithmetic

 The mental arithmetic test evaluates the sympathetic vasoconstriction related to central nervous system activation following a mental stressor. The subject is invited to solve mathematical calculations (i.e. subtractions, multiplications): in a healthy subject SBP and HR increase due to sympathetic activation. The test is easy to perform but the patient should be very collaborative without any cognitive diseases. The test should last at least 90   s. To evaluate the subject's response to this test, SBP, DBP and HR are evaluated in the last 30   s of the maneuver and compared to the basal values.

 Show more View chapter Explore book Read full chapter URL:  https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128093245018174 Reference work 2017 , Reference Module in Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Psychology C.J. Mathias , ... P. Cortelli Chapter

 Vector-Based Phase Analysis Approach for Initial Dip Detection Using HbO and HbR 

 2018 , Neuroergonomics Amad Zafar , ... Muhammad J. Khan Methods

 Mental arithmetic was used as an activity for five healthy subjects in the experiment. The paradigm consists of 120-s rest for the initial baseline and 40   s for the trial. The trial was further divided into 10   s and 30   s for the activity task and rest, respectively. The brain signals were acquired using a frequency domain fNIRS system (ISS Imagent, ISS Inc.) at a sampling rate of 31.25   Hz. Eight sources were used to investigate each side of the prefrontal cortex. The total eight channels of a source–detector pair were formed. To detect initial dips, vector-based phase analysis method based on an orthogonal-vector coordinate plane defined by ΔHbO and ΔHbR signals were used. 2 To minimize any misclassification of initial dips, we incorporated a threshold circle as a decision criterion in the vector-based phase analysis. The radius of the threshold circle was 

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